dextran hydrodynamic radius

Typically, the hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles is about 100 nm and the critical micelle concentration is about 10 mg/L. Vemulapalli V, Bai Y, Kalluri H, Herwadkar A, Kim H, Davis SP, Friden PM, Banga AK. WebDextran 670 GPC Standard Normative Mw - 670000 Da GPC standards can be used for calibration and molecular weight determination. Leiva, Angel; Muoz, Natalia; Urza, Marcela; Gargallo, Ligia; Radic, Deodato (2010). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. These vibrations heat the skin tissue, triggering water vapor and cell ablation, forming microchannels from the SC through to the outer dermis. (2008). Therefore, it is suitable as model molecules with different molecular weights for transdermal drug delivery [29]. In the future, we plan to investigate the possibility of enhancing the delivery of other macromolecular drugs such as peptides and siRNAs using the RF-based microporation device. Conversely, fluorescein sodium was the compound selected to model hydrophilic, low MW drugs. Although, intrinsic viscosity is a molecular parameter that can be interpreted in terms of molecular conformation, it does not offer as high resolution on molecular structure as other methods such as Light Scattering, Circular Dichroism, Sedimentation Velocity, Sedimentation Equilibrium, Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering (SEC-MALLS), High-performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), NMR, X-rays, etc. The fact that the intrinsic viscosity of a given polymer sample is different according to the solvent used gives and insight about the general shape of polymer molecules in solution. Quantitative data are presented as the meanstandard deviation, and comparisons were carried out using one-way ANOVA (Systat Software Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The skins were from the abdomen of a 39-year-old caucasian woman (BMI: 24). Google Scholar. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. The human and pig skin permeability of FITC-dextran (M.W. 2012;29(7):201729. 4K, b M.W. Biophysical Journal, 87, 4259-4270. Coviello, T.; Matricardi, P.; Marianecci, C.; Alhaique, F. (2007). On the molecular weight distribution of dextran T-500. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect.". For data requests, please contact the authors. Pig skins (Micropig Franz cell membrane) were supplied by Medi Kinetics Co., Ltd. (Pyeongtaek, Korea). Table 2 compares the properties of nanoparticles coated with one or other polymer. The skin was treated with the RF-based microporation device, inducing micropore ablation through alternating electrical current. Advances in Physical Chemistry, Vol. Carbohydrate Polymers 87, 405-410. Ubbelohde, Leo. A novel high dextran yielding Weissella cibaria JAG8 for cereal food application. Although we didnt conduct assay for inflammation, we could not find any inflammation symptoms such as redness, blisters, cracked, and thickening. Naik A, Kalia YN, Guy RH. Barrier integrity was examined using Tewameter to confirm the poration of human cadaver skin using a microporation device. The above data are not useful because it can not be compared with those obtained in this work. FOIA ; Ortega, A.; Garcia de la Torre, J.; Harding, S.E. 20K. * shows a significant difference between the M.W. Normally, the skin loses very little water loss whereas damaged skin loses more [22]. Biomaterials Research (2000). ; Prasad, D.H.L. Dextrans can function efficiently as anterograde or retrograde tracers, By using this website, you agree to our Radiofrequency ablation of malignant liver tumors. Lim SB, Tingirikari JMR, Seo JS, Li L, Shim S, Seo JH, Han NS. (1999). (1998). Rotureau, E.; Dellacherie, E.; Durand, A. Webof overall macromolecular geometry and hydrodynamic draining. Solution properties of branched dextran. Carbohydrate Research, 340, 811-826. (2003). Masuelli, M. A. 4K, 10K, and 20K) permeated through the human, and pig skin after microporation. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Mitragotri S. Mechanical disruption of skin barrier for vaccine delivery. Epub 2022 Feb 2. statement and Guner, A.; Kibarer, G. (2001). The polymer molecule assumes a tighter configuration, and the solution has a lower intrinsic viscosity. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 72, 871-876. Pribush, A.; Zilberman-Kravits, D.; Meyerstein, N. (2007). Our portfolio includes for example derivatives of dextran, polysucrose, inulin and more. Journal of Colloid Science, 31, 308-328. 2012;101(8):28619. The important role of thermodynamic interaction parameter in the determination of theta temperature, dextran/water system. Food Funct. Elias, Hans-Georg (1975). Molecular Weight Distributions of Water-Soluble Polymers by Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. The cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran 10K was 4.820.32M, in the human skin and 5.920.46M in the pig skin. B 113, 8020-8025. WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. Porcine wound models for skin substitution and burn treatment. Accueil; Solution; Tarif; PRO; Mon compte; France; Accueil; Solution; Tarif; PRO; Mon compte Peptide and protein transdermal drug delivery. WebAmines per 70KDa dextran Theeffectofchargerepulsiononthe hydrodynamicradiuscanbeseenwithRh increaseswithchargedensity.Charge repulsioncausesthehydrodynamicradius toincrease.Withincreasingcharge,the dextranprogressivelyunfolded.Evena lowlevelofaminationcausesthepolymer tounfold. Polyelectrolytes as secondary calibration standards for aqueous SEC. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Learn More. De Belder, A. N. (2001). Just in case anyone wants to use a different molecular weight to estimate the hydrodynamic size: the calculator is integrated into the classic Zeta Cecopieri-Gmez, Martha L.; Palacios-Alquisira, Joaqun (2005). Ibrahim O, Munavalli GS, Dover JS. It is worth noting that the size of macromolecules is much bigger than that of solvent (water) molecules [50]. Kasaai, M. R.; Arul, J.; Charlet, G. (2000). FITC-derivatives have been used for a variety of biological applications for more than 40 yeras. Viscotek GmbH, Europe. ; Rani, K.Y. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 27, 795-810. Each skin pores was captured using a microscope and the obtained images were analyzed using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA). (1969). Gillespie, T.; Hulme, M. A. High Manufacturing Standards of Molecular Probes Dextrans. Carbohydrate Polymers 88 373-381. ; Fran, H.P. Various average molecular weights (Mv, Mn, Mw, and Mz) instead of Mv were substituted in M-H equation. The hydrodynamic radius of 2-NBDG glucose was too small to measure. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. A similar article of dextran/water [35] clearly demonstrating the dependence of Mark-Houwink parameters with temperature. With FITC-dextran 20 K, cumulative A lot of research has been devoted to dextrans modification in order to describe special characteristics relevant to specific applications such as surfactants [16], as visible marker [17], polysaccharides-based nanoparticles, covalent crosslinking [18], ionic crosslinking, polyelectrolyte complex, and the self-assembly of hydrophobically modified polysaccharides, and hydrophilic modified polysaccharides [19]. To confirm the extent of skin damage and regeneration after microporation, porations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times. GYA primarily conducted research. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. For a values from 0-0.5 a rigid sphere is predicted in a ideal solvent, from 0.5-0.8 a random coil in good solvent, and from 0.8-2 a rigid or rod like shape is expected (stiff chain). Hi Sir Alexander Malm , Thank you very much! Really appreciate your help! Carbohydrate Polymers, 79, 380-390. Hydrodynamic Properties of Tragacanthin. ; Tsuchiya, H.M.; Rist, C.E. The Mark-Houwink parameters and the effect of temperature on them are specifically studied. Article Trop J Pharm Res. Transdermal drug delivery: overcoming the skins barrier function. A similar combination involves the intrinsic viscosity and specific volume: (a/b) is called Einstein viscosity increment, and Vs is specific volume (cm3/g). Harding, Stephen E. (2005). The dextran used is from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512F which is essentially a linear -(1-6)-linked glucose chain with however a low percentage (2-5%) of -(1-3) branches distributed along the chain4. Pore closure examination was performed using an optical microscope (BX43, Olympus, Japan) immediately (time 0), 4, 8, and 24h following device application. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect. Unperturbed dimensions and the theta temperature of dextran in ethylene glycol solutions. The Principle of the Suspended Level: Applications to the Measurement of Viscosity and Other Properties of Liquids. In our present study, microporated skin permeated insufficient amount of 20K FITC-dextran, suggesting that enhancement of permeability was unsuccessful with macromolecules of more than 20KM.W.. Synthesis of dextran by dextransucrase treated, sucrose-supplemented skimmed milk revealed the promising potential of dextran as a food additive. Ghimici, Luminita; Nichifora, Marieta; Eich, Andreas; Wolf, Bernhard A. Part of of different origins. Degrees of long-chain branching in dextrans. The results are shown to be in good agreement with available hydrodynamic models for spherical solutes in cylindrical pores with the effective solute to pore size ratio evaluated using a partitioning model which implicitly 43-1, 115-147. These results suggest that fibroblasts proliferate and migrate under the SC, and regenerate the skin. Rissmann R, Oudshoorn MHM, Hennink WE, Ponec M, Bouwstra JA. 2014 Sep;5(9):2324-30. doi: 10.1039/c4fo00319e. 2012 Sep 1;90(1):441-6. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.063. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 23, 135-141. ; De Jong, S.J. The temperature increment can induce a macromolecule compaction (decreases in RH and []), generating by this way, a greater difficult to flowing due at requires an increase of energy consumption (Eavf<). Sung-Wook Choi. For a limited temperature range, the viscosity of a polymer solution varies generally following a relation similar to that of usual liquids (rrhenius plot), where the polymer concentration is not very high and that temperature remains far enough from glass transition [38], and for system PEAorganic solvents see reference [63]. Synthesis of water-soluble and water-insoluble amphiphilic derivatives of dextran in organic medium. Biophysical Journal, 27, 177-181. Middelkoop E, Bogaerdt AJ, Lamme EN, Hoekstra MJ, Brandsma K, Ulrich MMW. (2008). One day before the experiment, the skin was stabilized in the skin culture medium. 113, 81-86. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 42, 133-137. 2011;16(2):518. Masuelli, Martin A. Hydrodynamic properties of whole arabic gum. The skin culture medium was purchased from Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). The measurements of dextrans molecular weight were determined by size exclusion HPLC (Gilson, France) with Refraction Index detector using a Polysep-GFC-P5000 column (7.8030 mm). Journal Argentine Chemical Society 100 (2013) 25-34. (2004). Human cadaver skins (fresh human full-thickness skin disc, 12~20mm) were supplied by Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). (2013). Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), a common phenomenon that can produce local excessive temperature, high pressure and large amount of energy. Bookshelf Progress in Measurement, Interpretation and Application to Structure in Dilute Solution. Lpez Martnez, M. C.; Daz Baos, F. G.; Ortega Retuerta, A.; Garca de , J. In a good solvent, which shows a zero or negative heat of mixing with the polymer, the molecule is less-extended, and the intrinsic viscosity is high. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Journal Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 97, 295-301. Characterization of high molecular weight dextran produced by Weissella cibaria CMGDEX3. WebIn this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. Rheology of dextran solutions. For 40 kDa molecules, the hydrodynamic diameter d h ~8 nm is much smaller than the collagen mesh size [33,41]. Ind. These results indicate that healing and regeneration occurred in the human cadaver skin after the microporation. Global hydrodynamic analysis of the molecular flexibility of galactomannans. For simplicity, macromolecules are treated as rigid molecules for a hydrodynamic study. Intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight relationship for chitosan. J Pharm Sci. dextran hydrodynamic radius. The calculation of Mark-Houwink parameters is carried out by the graphic representation of the following equation: where kMH (cm3/g) and a are Mark-Houwink constants, depending on the type of polymer, solvent, and temperature of intrinsic viscosity determinations [46]. (1958). Microporation was performed 2 times on each sample. Microporations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times and the skin damage was confirmed using the TEWL measurement. ; Wood, P.J. J. Braz. Table 3 shows the intrinsic viscosity for the rest of the dextrans obtained by using the single-point method, measured at different temperatures. where c is the solute concentration (g/cm3), [] is the intrinsic viscosity (cm3/g), and kH represents Huggins constants (cm3/g). Measurements were made with a Ubbelohde C type suspended level viscometer [57] (IVA, Argentina); with a diameter capillary of 0.81mm and water draining time of 35.89s at 20C, with viscometer constant of 0.027883 mm2/s [58]. Learn More. Unperturbed dimensions and theta temperature of dextran in aqueous solutions. Ortega, A.; Garca de la Torre, J. government site. Intrinsic viscosity of bovine serum albumin conformers. Furthermore, the influence of temperature on the intrinsic viscosity is given by the chain flexibility parameter (dln[]/dT), which gives information about the conformation of the macromolecule chain in solution [62]. Epub 2012 May 28. The most widely applied coatings for FDA-approved SPIONs are dextran and carboxydextran. Molecular weight (Mv) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. 2013 May;64(3):346-54. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2012.734289. Format), Citation-(BibTeX 2012;27(3):20212. Superior prebiotic and physicochemical properties of novel dextran from Weissella cibaria JAG8 for potential food applications. 2011;5(2):95132. WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). 8. However, considering the trauma and unethical practices associated with animal experiments, in vitro studies with human cadaver skin offers an ethical and viable alternative. For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. 2013;43(4):287303. Carbohydrate Polymers 88 1440-1444. These structural differences can significantly affect FITC-dextran delivery due to even after microporation [30]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 78, 902-907. Characterization and Classification of Dextrans from Ninety-six Strains of Bacteria. 2006;3(3):37385. In vitro studies with human cadaver skin is a viable, ethical, and economical alternative for in vivo animal studies. The Transdermal diffusion cell system (DHC-6TD, LOGAN instrument, USA) was used to assess FITC-dextran permeability in vitro. The dextran has the advantage in terms of low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and water-solubility. Dear Sir. Alan F Rawle , Can you help me in calculating the size of dextran 4 (molecular weight= 4000) and dextran 10 (molecular weight 10,000)? Th Viet, D.; Beck-Candanedo, S.; Gray D. G. (2008). 2009;6(4):34354. Epub 2021 Feb 9. This study was supported by the LG Electronics. These results are in agreement with a previous study which suggested that the microporation using radiofrequency causes disruption of the SC, enabling the percutaneous permeation of the FITC-dextran [21]. Harding, S. E., & Simpkin, N. J. Macromolecules. The radius of gyration is typically calculated from static scattering measurements, while the hydro-dynamic radius (or equivalent sphere radius) is deter-mined by dynamic light scattering or other diffusion measurements. Interaction Parameter (); Expansion Factor (); Steric Hindrance Factor (); and Shielding Function F(); for the System PEAOrganic Solvents by Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements. The importance of this type of study lies in the analysis of the polysaccharide behavior at industrial processes, the requirements to reduce energy, avoid flow problems and product quality control. European Polymer Journal, 42, 1086-1092. The lack of data on the uniformity of intrinsic viscosity measurements in the system water/dextran, highlights the significant influence of the solvent and temperature [74]. Figure4 shows the histological analysis of micropores in human cadaver skin. Carbohydrate Research, 160, 205-214. Mainaa, Ndegwa Henry; Pitknen, Leena; Heikkinen, Sami; Tuomainen; Pivi; Virkki, Liisa; Tenkanen, Maija (2014). J Cosmet Laser Ther. Gekko, K. (1971). 2008;26(11):12618. European Polymer Journal, 36, 2143-2146. The value of qM-H varies from one sample to another one, because it is a function of a and the average molecular weights (Mv, Mw). Working with the molecular weights given by the manufacturer and compare them with the molecular weights, calculated from the Mark-Houwink parameters in this work; can be seen that the %RE obtained, see Table 6. After 24h the micropores were either closed or reduced further to smaller sizes, 37.5020.41, 50.5718.07, and 58.5814.99m, for 2, 5, and 10 times microporation, respectively. If there are particles in the sample, the incident laser light gets scattered in all directions. Biotechnology Progress, 19, 544-548. 2013, Article ID 360239, pp. Chem. Table 2 compares the properties of nanoparticles coated with one or other polymer. ; Veldhuis, T.F.J. Table 2 shows that comparing the intrinsic viscosity data obtained from the Huggins method and the Solomon-Ciuta single-point method, a similar values are obtained and the %RE is lower for low Mw and it increases for higher Mw. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Microporation applications for enhancing drug delivery. CAS Polysaccharides-based nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. 2019;26(1):25261. Thermo Fisher Scientific. Ahn, G.Y., Eo, HS., Kim, D. et al. Chem. Terms and Conditions, Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies 2004;25(9):155967. (1990). Bahary, W.S. There is a deviation from linearity after 580kDa [69, 70]. Determination of polymer structure by Gel Permeation Chromatography. Recent Pat. WebThe Stokes radius or StokesEinstein radius of a solute is the radius of a hard sphere that diffuses at the same rate as that solute. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Molecular weight, particle size and diffusion coefficient can be determined in many studies by Dynamic Light Scattering [20, 21, 22], Gel Permeation Chromatography [23], Analytical Ultracentrifuge [24, intrinsic viscosity [1, 7, 14], size exclusion chromatography / multiangle laser light scattering / differential viscometry, Flow Field-Flow Fractionation [25], and so on. ; van Nostrum, C.F. The particular dextrans which were used initially for conversion into synthetic blood-volume expanders [6, 7], human red blood cells aggregation for increasing the degree of polymerization and hence the molecular weight [8, 9, 10], hydrogels and microspheres [11], in drug transport system and its modifications as nanoparticles [12], in the removal through absorption of contaminant effluents such as heavy metals, organic molecules and inks [13], in the formation of biodegradable films [14, 15]. 2.It can be found from the figure that at the start-up stage of the shaft, the hydrodynamic effect (HE) is weak, so the HP is not enough to support the shaft, which Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. Viscosity of Liquids. @ Nilimesh See attached. The (a/b) value is 2.5 which confirms that dextran in aqueous solution is a biopolymer with a spherical conformation for an Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa, and with tendency to compaction with increasing temperature (RH decreases). Expert Rev Med Devices. Macromolecules, 29, 2265-2268. Typically, the hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles is about 100 nm and the critical micelle concentration is about 10 mg/L. The value of Mv is different from Mn, Mw, and Mz in a polydisperse polymer sample [38, 60, 61, 62]. Figure3 shows a magnified image of human cadaver skin with microchannels formed by the microporation device (250kHz) and the skin closure over time. The most widely applied coatings for FDA-approved SPIONs are dextran and carboxydextran. Castellanos Gil, E. E.; Iraizoz Colarte, A.; El Ghzaoui, A.; Durand, D.; Delarbre, J.L. Gold MH, Biron JA. WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. Weissella: An Emerging Bacterium with Promising Health Benefits. (2007). (more or less, with a hydrodynamic radius of less than 100 nm) to cross from the vasculature into the interstitium. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 58(11), 953-957. Epub 2012 Oct 18. Here we have the hydrodynamic radius estimate for the 3kDa dextran and 1.5 kDa dextran by the Zetasizer calculator, thanks to Alan. Alan F Rawle, t Materiaux 1-5. Garcia de la Torre, J.; Carrasco, B. Dextran (DX) is one type of EPS synthesized by LAB in the presence of sucrose (R g), radius of hydrodynamic (R h), polymer conformation parameter ( = R g /R h), intrinsic viscosity ([]), Mark-Houwink coefficient () and branching degree of DXs of RPYs prepared under different conditions. Comparison of single-point and dilution procedures. WebThe invention relates to novel fluorescent dyes with multiple negatively charged groups in their ionized form which are 9-aminoacridines or 1-aminopyrene shaving of one of the fol (1937). With FITC-dextran 20K, cumulative permeation in the human skin was 2.530.48M, and 3.340.19M in the pig skin, which significantly lower than FITC-dextran 4K. Cumulative amount of FITC-dextran permeated after microporation on the human and pig skin for FITC-dextran M.W.. a M.W. An undergraduate physical chemistry experiment. The optical image and histological analysis confirmed that the micropores on the skin were recovered over time. Progr. 7 8 For 40 kDa molecules, the hydrodynamic diameter dh ~8 nm is much smaller than the collagen mesh size [ 33, 41 ]. TEWL values before and immediately after microporation on human cadaver skin according to the number of times microproration was done (n=3). The reason for a nonlinear Mark-Houwink relationship is confirmed by the intrinsic viscosity which in contrast with scaling prediction shows no power law behavior. The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.75 (or higher) for these good solvents. These hydrodynamic parameters show that these polysaccharides behave as a compact rigid sphere and contract by the increase of temperature (RH decreases) for the Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa.

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